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First class II fusion proteins are
2022-02-07

First, class II fusion proteins are known to transition from a (homo- or hetero-) pre-fusion dimer to a post-fusion trimer [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62] through a monomeric intermediate [63], [64], and a crystalline structure of a monomer of Rift Valley fever virus (a phlebovirus, member of the
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br Acknowledgements This work was
2022-02-07

Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant number GM024417]. Introduction In mammals, glucose is the major energy substrate supporting conceptus development after tak1 inhibitor formation [1,2]. While the equine morula uses similar amounts of pyruvat
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It was previously proposed that
2022-02-07

It was previously proposed that glucagon acts in the liver, in which a signal is produced and relayed to the monocarboxylate transporters via vagal nerves [8], [36], [37]. The concept that the liver is the primary target site was supported by the studies reporting that the glucagon receptor is local
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br PEPCK This enzyme decarboxylates
2022-02-07

PEPCK This enzyme decarboxylates and then phosphorylates oxaloacetate to form phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the second step of gluconeogenesis after the carboxylation of pyruvate catalyzed by PC. PEPCK1 (PEPCK-C, encoded by the PCK1 gene) and PEPCK2 (PEPCK-M, encoded by the PCK2 gene) are two isof
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Our observation that glioblastoma tumor
2022-02-05

Our observation that glioblastoma tumor cells express ETA-R in 6/10 cases contrasts with a recent publication reporting ETB-R expression in these tumors [17]. The reason for the discrepancy between that report and the present study might be due to the fact that glioblastomas with oligodendroglial co
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br Material and methods br Results The search for proteins
2022-02-04

Material and methods Results The search for proteins selectively expressed in pancreatic islet TDZD-8 receptor in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) yielded 27 hits, including well-known islet cell markers such as insulin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (Table 1). The search algorithm exclude
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Recently a G protein coupled receptor GPR a was identified
2022-02-04

Recently, a G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR109a, was identified as a molecular target for niacin. Mechanistic studies have suggested that the benefits of niacin therapy may result from the activation of GPR109a located on adipocytes. Recent experiments have shown that niacin activation of GPR109a re
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br Funding M I is supported by European
2022-02-04

Funding M.I. is supported by European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator Grant 725038, Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) Grant 19891, Italian Ministry of Health (MoH) Grant GR-2011-02347925, Lombardy Foundation for Biomedical Research (FRRB) Grant 2015-0010, the European Molecular B
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Pediatric cancers are fundamentally different from adult tum
2022-02-04

Pediatric cancers are fundamentally different from adult tumors and usually display a lower mutational burden and a faster growth rate. About 30% of all childhood malignancies are solid tumors and, in a majority of cases, respond well to chemotherapy. However, in particular in neuroblastoma the succ
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In this study with the use of C N
2022-02-04

In this study, with the use of 13C515N2-labeled glutamine, we observed that 13C515N2-labeled glutamine produces a wide range of NAAG isotopologues and its precursors: NAA and glutamate. The NAAG production from glutamine is consistently more elevated in MYC-ON lymphoma and OVCAR4 compared to MYC-OFF
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In summary our findings provide the evidence
2022-02-03

In summary, our findings provide the evidence and the mechanistic understanding of the protective effects of GIP receptor agonist, D-Ala2GIP, in the MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice. The observed protective effects are potentially due to reduced oxidative stress and attenuation of dopamine loss in
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Underlying this study is the hypothesized
2022-02-03

Underlying this study is the hypothesized importance of insulin and glucose metabolism on bone. In our investigation of GIP and GIPR gene polymorphisms in relation to bone phenotypes in young and old women our findings depict a complex relationship between glucose metabolism genes and bone. In the c
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br Presenilins in protein trafficking proteolysis and
2022-02-03

Presenilins in protein trafficking, proteolysis and degradation An obvious explanation for the role of presenilins and γ-secretase in protein trafficking and degradation is that many reported γ-secretase substrates are functionally involved in protein transport. For example, members of the mammal
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We have previously designed an azobenzene based molecule Raz
2022-02-03

We have previously designed an azobenzene-based molecule, Razo, which could switch the conformations of G-quadruplex structures by photoregulation. 12, 13, 14, 15 However, it lacks selectivity to different G-quadruplexes. Therefore, we want to find a way to modify this molecule so that it could be u
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In addition to the robust
2022-02-03

In addition to the robust intracellular calcium mobilisation, DHA and TUG-891 also induced MMP-9 granules release and superoxide production, supporting a key role of calcium in bovine neutrophil defense responses (Burgos et al., 2011). Pisani et al. (Pisani et al., 2009) described a reduction of bas
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